Improvement in Operational Efficiency Due free essay sample

IT Investments utilize chain reconciliation; and euro transformation. Numerous IT tourist spots have been accomplished during this period: in excess of 4 billion Web pages on the Internet; formation of programming to battle digital worms, infections, and fighting; a large number of disseminated databases; and far reaching use of information distribution centers and information digging for choice emotionally supportive networks. To help these IT activities and to accomplish these tourist spots, IT financial plans of most organizations during this decade Copyright  © 2006, Idea Group Inc. Replicating or appropriating in print or electronic structures without composed consent of Idea Group Inc. is precluded. Data Resources Management Journal, 19(2), 18-36, April-June 2006 19 expanded considerably (Seewald, 2002). There is, be that as it may, a developing analysis of raising IT speculations (Mears Dubie, 2002) and their absence of support (Krochmel, 1999). ERP frameworks are programming frameworks to help and to mechanize the business forms, giving opportune and exact venture wide data for dynamic. ERP frameworks have a long history of development. The creation booking, material requesting, and item shipment frameworks advanced from manual reorder guide frameworks for material acquirement toward electronic Materials Requirement Planning (MRP) to Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP-II) frameworks that incorporated MRP and limit prerequisites wanting to Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) that further coordinated MRP-II and shop floor and gadget control frameworks, lastly to ERP frameworks. We will compose a custom exposition test on Improvement in Operational Efficiency Due or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page A significant part of the smoothing out of materials acquisition process was accomplished by MRP and MRP-II. By the late 1980s, countless firms were utilizing MRP-II frameworks (Rondeau Litteral, 2001). The SAP R/3 modules and submodules comprising of deals and dispersion, materials the board, distribution center administration, quality administration, creation getting ready for process enterprises, money related bookkeeping, controlling, venture framework, and office correspondence were relied upon to lessen inventories, improve money the executives, and chop down working costs. Kalling (2003) as of late gave a hypothetical structure wherein asset based perspectives (RBV) are progressed to see how ERP can give supportable upper hand. The RBV isn't generally acknowledged as a last clarification of upper hand. Some accept that dynamic abilities, not assets, are the wellspring of upper hand. It is conceivable that ERP gives both exceptional assets just as powerful capacities as improved data and dynamic to improve upper hand. Undertaking Resource Planning (ERP) Systems To abstain from battling with incorporating horde IT applications, numerous organizations executed ERP frameworks that necessary generous venture of time, inside assets, and capital, bringing about critical hierarchical change (Dorien Wolf, 2002). Frequently, ERP framework usage is joined by different upgrades and improvements in existing inheritance frameworks. Because of numerous concurrent changes that go with ERP framework usage, it is difficult to characteristic any exhibition changes after ERP framework establishment exclusively to ERP frameworks. Be that as it may, ERP framework usage is, by a wide margin, the most censured part of IT ventures. ERP frameworks require expenses running from two or three million dollars to a few hundred million dollars (Mabert et al. , 2001). In spite of high consumptions, ERP usage have brought about issues. Surged programming establishments and insufficient preparing are accused for all around pitched issues with ERP. In 1999, not long after the rollout of its ERP framework, Hershey Food Corp. , in the second from last quarter of that year, lost $60. 4 million because of issues in client assistance, warehousing, request preparing, and opportune shipments to retailers. ERP execution issues of Whirlpool Corporation and W. L. Violence Associates Inc. likewise have gotten significant consideration (Collett, 1999). The chapter 11 of FoxMeyer (a medication dispersion organization) in 1996 is legitimately ascribed by numerous individuals to defective execution of ERP frameworks. www. igi-worldwide. com/article/improvement-operational-proficiency due-erp/1289 www. igi-worldwide. com/part/mentor/13373 www. igi-worldwide. com/part/object-database-benchmarks/14575

The American Exceptionalism Development Essay Example for Free

The American Exceptionalism Development Essay Since the begining of the establishing of the English states, This land we presently call America has consistently been viewed as the guarantee land and place where there is opportunites. having the picture of exceptionalism has been an extraordinary piece of U.S history. from the establishing of the English Colonies, throuhgh 1877, The American Identity was the picture of _______________________________________ . Albeit numerous adjustments in administering, laws, and jobs occurred during this period, American’s were as yet ready to arrive at the expectiations they had since the start of their time. The United states began as settlements in the 1600’s. At the point when John Winthrope established the province of Massachusetts straight, he as a pioneer needed to unite a general public of good codes regarding the holy book. He gave the NOTION that New England was viewed as a â€Å"city upon a hill† which was to imply that more American’s started to see themseves as praiseworthy and a model to the remainder of the world. The American perfect at this timeframe was to be viewed as a model dependent on religion. â€Å"let us pick life, that we and our seed may live by complying with His voice and dividing to h/im, for He is out life, and our prosperity.† (Winthrope, 1630) This comprehends American’s were living dependent on God and obeying â€Å"Him†. As additional time passed and more pilgrims show up to the new land, the primary pioneer constitution came to activity in 1639, known as The Fundamental Orders. This constituion made ready for self-government and popularity based opportunity in the North American Colonies. On the off chance that the possibility of self-government never rung a bell, American’s wouldn’t have had the option to make laws against britain and make laws and government to profit the Americans. which before long lead to the liberating of intensity from BRITAIN, in having said that, would extend the goals of the American Exceptionalism. In 1677, a contract for the detachment of chapel and state was made, ensuring division of chapel and state in the American provinces carrying the Americans closer to opportunity. Blacks, be that as it may, didn't recieve these rights, they soon as of now started presenting servitude. Ladies additionally had been looked down on essentially in light of the fact that they are feeble. By the 1700’s The coloies had started to shape. Sanctions, Acts and laws have been built up, more rights were given, obviously, Slaves were barred. In 1738, the Great Awakening had started to take full swing reshaping strict arrangements, and by 1763, the way to freedom from Britan had started. The Boston Massacre and The Boston Tea Party were two extraordinary occasions that indicated how Americans started to push their way through and to battle for their freedom. As American’s draw nearer to their autonomy, Women start to GROW with ENTHUSIASM and interest in their privileges. Directly before the announcement of Independence of the Thirteen Colonies, Abigail Adams had kept in touch with John Adams about the â€Å"New code of laws† and how she wished, they be increasingly obliging to the ladies and their privileges. Abigail likewise undermines that â€Å"If specific consideration and consideration isn't paid to the women, we are resolved to instigate a defiance and willl not hold ourselves limited by any laws in which we have no voice or representation.† (Adams 1776) This is an intense proclamation demonstrates of another personality that America has: Women had no voice, nor portrayal in anything. From the 1600’s to the late 1700’s, America despite everything has not changed in agreement to who is remembered for having rights; ladies consistently had the picture of remaining at home and thinking about housewor k and kids, and slaves never had rights. A brief time after the individual correspondence among Abigail and John, the Colonies at last picked up their autonomy from Britain. Despite the fact that the Declaration of lndependence, which was set up July 4, 1776, declared freedom from Britain, this affirmation likewise states laws to forestall something like the decision of Britain happen once more. In the announcement of freedom it is expressed that â€Å"We hold these Truths to act naturally clear, that all Men are made equivalent, that they are enriched by their maker with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are life, freedom, and the quest for happiness† (Jefferson 1776) At the time, the words â€Å"All men are made equal† was not explained unto who was made equivalent, did they mean all people, or all guys? The significance behind â€Å"men† in that timespan was intended for white men, or men who might cast a ballot, and had a voice and represintation. In this new perfect of America, numerous gatherings of individuals were barred, such of those would again be ladies, and blacks. In 1783, be that as it may, Slaves do get the ir opportunity in the event that they served in the mainland armed force. In 1801, when Thomas Jefferson gives out his first debut address In the Inaugural Address, he focuses to regular fundamental standards and a dedication that rises above partisanship. He adulated an insignificant government, and admitted a federalism certifying â€Å"State governments in all their rights† as a shield against â€Å"antirepublican tendencies†. (Jefferson 1801) By this time, Jefferson is endeavoring to better the nation by revolting against what ought to be done, he attempts to bring back the personality of being a model to the remainder of the world. Not long after, in 1839, John L. O’Sullivan likewise calls attention to America and it’s goal to better deeds on Manifest Destiny. Sullivan tells about the standards as a nation that we are and how we are â€Å"the nstion of progress, of individual opportunity, of general enfranchisement.† (Sullivan 1839) When Sullivan talks about America, he includes everybody all in all. During this timespan, this was the time of restoring, and recovery in the United States. On account of this Manifest Destiny, numerous new open doors were available to the individuals and numerous pr ogressions were made in the administration, alongside servitude. During this time of â€Å"renewing and revival† Women at long last make an early move in women’s rights. Elizabeth Cady Stanton matched up with Lucrettia Mott, and composed the Declaration of Sentiments in 1848. Stanton models straightforwardly on the presentation of Independence; it distinguished male man centric society as the wellspring of women’s persecution and requested the decision in favor of ladies as a consecrated and unavoidable right of republican citizenship. In the Declaration of Sentiments Stanton modifies the revelation of autonomy with one of the changes being â€Å"We hold these certainties to act naturally apparent; that all mem and ladies are made equal†(Stanton 1848) This helps us to remember how American’s have become overly enthusiastic from including everybody, presently to simply certain gatherings. During the 1800’s in addition to the fact that women start developments, yet blacks additionally start to get some opportunity as before long states start to illigalize subjugation and preclude it. During the common war, Abraham Lincoln gi ves out his gettysburg discourse adress in 1863 and brings to consideration the endeavor and perserverance these men have given to the war. †Fourscore and seven years prior our dads broughtt forward on this mainland another country, considered in freedom and devoted to the recommendation that all men are made equal.† (Lincoln 1863) He featured the way that freedom and uniformity were the center parts for the liberation of America. Lincoln asked the regular man and government official to consider the lives lost in the endeavor to spare the country from colonization, and pay tribute to the unrecognized yet truly great individuals. He stressed on the way that the Gettysburg Address might be overlooked in time, however not the officers who energetically set out their lives. By 1877, much has changed and been cultivated. moe states cancel bondage, and blacks at last have a few rights in the Constitution, and portrayal in congress. Ladies despite everything battled to get their voice and Congress currently had control of the states instead of have another nation dominate. glancing through the history that American’s experienced from establishing states to remaining joined all in all, American’s figured out how to satisfy those norms and beliefs that they set for themselves first and foremost. in spite of the fact that there were inconveniences during the time in including and barring certain individuals, American’s strived through in as yet getting excellent and attempting to remember everybody for the nation. List of sources Adams, Abigail and John. Individual Correspondence. Walk May, 1776. Cady Stanton, Elizabeth. Announcement of Sentiments. Seneca Falls, N.Y.: July nineteenth and twentieth, 1848. Jefferson, Thomas. The Declaration of Independence of the Thirteen Colonies. 1776. Jefferson, Thomas. First Inaugural Address. Washington, D.C., 1801. Lincoln, Abraham. The Gettysburg Address. Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, 19 November 1863. L.O’Sullivan, John. On Manifest Destiny. 1839. Winthrope,John. The Modell of a Christian Charity. 1630.

Recognizing Depression for College Students

Perceiving Depression for College Students Emotional wellness Issues. Wretchedness Some undergrads will in general experience the indications of various normal mental issues, for example, discouragement, nervousness, self destruction, dietary issues, and habit. It for the most part occurs because of a lot of obligations and over the top uneasiness. The National Alliance on Mental Illness says that while 1 of every 4 understudies experience the ill effects of a diagnosable malady, about 40% of them dont look for help. Meanwhile, inability to treat mental issues may bring about weakening outcomes. This article targets looking at the issue of gloom. It would be ideal if you recall that this article isnt a substitute for a specialist visit. It has just basic reason and cant fill in as a treatment direct. On the off chance that you or your companion encounters any manifestations of gloom, counsel a master. Gloom Gloom causes the individual to feel defenseless and segregated from the world, blocking with the capacity to do ordinary assignments. As per an examination held by the Association for University and College Counseling Center Directors, over 36% of understudies experience manifestations of discouragement. This psychological issue is the significant motivation behind why understudies quit school. In genuine cases, it might prompt irritating manifestations and self destruction. Side effects Side effects of sadness can change since a concoction irregularity in the mind makes various individuals show this sickness in different manners. The indication of side effects additionally relies upon how an individual handles change and that they are so inclined to psychological instabilities. All things considered, we can name the most well-known symptoms:Feelings of despondency, blame, dissatisfaction, or outrage (frequently for no express explanation) Loss of enthusiasm for social exercises Powerlessness to focus Absence of vitality Restlessness Loss of craving Musings of death and self destruction Everybody faces a portion of these indications now and again, so their non-intermittent sign doesnt fundamentally mean misery. Be that as it may, the recurrence of their appearance is a disturbing sign. For this situation, you dont must be humiliated or scared of discussing your sentiments. The appearance of burdensome side effects in undergrads is reasonable. All things considered, you face such huge numbers of difficulties being ceaselessly from home, being overpowered with different assignments, and keeping up associations with your companions or flat mates. Consequently, you need to realize how to perceive the indications of sorrow and convenient treat them. Perceiving The Signs Of Depression In Your Friend To comprehend whether your companion needs proficient assistance, consider the accompanying questions:Did they quit appreciating the exercises they used to like? Did they quit going to classes or get-togethers? Do they routinely encounter pity or outrage? Are they looking at biting the dust or suicide?If your answers are truly, offer fundamental help to your companion. Dont condemn or judge them. Since your companion presumably doesnt control his emotions, dont advise to brighten up. It wont help. Show restraint, empower looking for proficient assistance, and be there for help. Perceiving The Signs Of Depression In Yourself To comprehend whether you have a downturn, ask yourself such inquiries as:Do you normally experience the sentiments of misery and bitterness? Do you go to liquor or medications to alleviate your sentiments? Do you have considerations of death and suicide?In case your answer is yes to any of these inquiries, you have to counsel a pro for psychological wellness appraisal. In all likelihood, youll need the help of somebody you know, so ask your companion or relative to go with you. Wretchedness Resources On the off chance that you feel as though you have nobody to go to with your issue, you should consider this rundown of associations that offer their support:National Institute of Mental Health means to help identify the manifestations of misery, treat, and forestall it. ULifeline enables undergrads to get vital data about psychological wellness and gives tips on helping companions who have mental issues. American College Health Association furnishes understudies with helplines and leaflets on various sorts of despondency. The Jed Foundation gives passionate assistance to undergrads through unique aides and events.Never leave side effects of discouragement untreated. Be not kidding about this condition.

Essay on How Insurance Works

Exposition on How Insurance Works Exposition on How Insurance Works This is a free model exposition on Insurance: In August of 2003 I took a situation with AdminOne Corporation situated in Bentonville, Arkansas as a Financial Services/Systems partner. AdminOne is an exclusive and worked Third Party Administration that gives the entirety of its customers for all intents and purposes the entirety of their advantage needs. We work straightforwardly with bosses speaking to a wide assortment of businesses to furnish a far reaching variety of administrations with issue free Customer Service. For associations establishing that the significant expense of human services requires interchange strategies for financing, plan structure, and plan the board, AdminOne can give a wide range of capacities. A portion of these capacities include: setting up all correspondence material, aiding the execution of the arrangement, suggesting cost control methodology and plan archive changes, dissecting existing arrangement advantages and subsidizing techniques. Furthermore, AdminOne additionally gives a wide assortment of different items and administrations at the client’s request, for example, life coverage, long haul incapacity, transient handicap, 401K plans, and so forth. As like numerous associations, AdminOne feels that our clients merit the highest caliber of administration and organization of their advantage plans. In keeping this our primary center, we have gained the greatest, mechanically propelled claims mediation framework accessible available. AdminOne utilize the RIMS (Resource Information Management System, Inc.) framework. Edges started their business in 1981 are as yet the prevailing pioneer in claims arbitration frameworks. There are more than 400 insurance agencies over the United States that utilization the RIMS framework, be that as it may, they haven’t seen the benefit of AdminOne. We accept we have a bit of leeway over other insurance agencies since we have worked in the innovation and mechanization capacities to give the greatest chance to pay asserts precisely, convenient, and in the most cost effective way for our customers. Our framework is much further developed than other insurance agencies from various perspectives. Above all else, it can connect various charge timetables to single suppliers. Second, boundless note screens can be utilized to help in the documentation of each request. Third, every client who comes through us can doesn’t need to stress over misrepresentation or maltreatment to their advantage plans. This is on the grounds that we have introduced a security framework that will identify any hacking or maltreatment to any profit programs. We accept this additional on highlight should keep customers thumping on our entryway for administration. Another expansion to our RIMS framework is our tweaked customer get to site. This site is really associated with our RIMS programming so customers can really see their present cases. This is another preferred position for us in that it shields the telephones from ringing constantly. For instance, if Allen Canning Co. needed to get to their present cases and make an alteration on account of end of one of its representatives, they could without much of a stretch visit our site and make the changes themselves. This shields our customers from bringing in and expecting us to make the manual change. Also, to stay up with the latest and working effectively, it was basic that AdminOne enlist a frameworks group. There were five places that should have been filled and I was one of the volunteers for the position. My essential obligation, as a frameworks right hand, is to support my manager, Angie Baker, with customer charging capacities, usage strategies for new customers and new PC frameworks and preparing on new frameworks. I really converse with customers, for example, Allen Canning Co, and assist them with choosing how they need their cases solicitations to resemble. This generally takes thirty minutes to an hour to finish. Following the meeting, I take their cases data and information the information in to RIMS. In any case, the way toward contributing the information can be exceptionally broad in light of the fact that each snippet of data about every client of the association must be inputted. At that point I experience an immense measure of modules and procedures to deliver the ideal outcome, the receipt. Each receipt has its own number and gathering name related with it. For example, on the off chance that I see AC802 in the upper right corner of the arrangement report, I realize that am dealing with Allen Canning Company’s receipt. Another obligation of mine is to prepare customers on our specially crafted customer get to site. I travel in any event once every week to the encompassing urban areas and train our customers on the best way to utilize our site. More often than not I meet with directors and different clients of the framework to safeguard they realize how to include the information accurately. The majority of the clients have a general thought on the best way to utilize the framework, however there are a not many that don’t and I need to begin without any preparation. Moreover, after the chiefs and current clients see how our site functions, I give them client names and passwords which RIMS as of now relegates to their gathering name. After this, they are currently prepared to see their cases and make any alterations where they are required. In any case, the customers just have restricted access to our site. For example, they can't go into our framework to change charging rates or choosing an a lternate arrangement. That is something that just AdminOne approaches and there can't be any discussion. The customer get to site is one piece of our framework that I watch out for a great deal of the time. Toward the finish of consistently, I sign in to the RIMS site and download any progressions that went on in the framework. For example, if A.G. Russell Knives recruited some new representatives and added them to their arrangement, at that point I would extricate that information and spare it to our primary server, which contains the entirety of our customer data. Be that as it may, we do back up the server week after week to forestall loss of data if there should arise an occurrence of a fire or something like that. Also, I manage showcasing materials, introductions, and proposition when fundamental. For example, at whatever point AdminOne has the chance to procure another customer, our organization will have meeting with that customer face to face or by means of videoconferencing. Now and again I will join my group and take an interest in these gatherings. The themes for the most part talked about in these gatherings extend from new thoughts on authoritative programming to potential customers that we could get later on. The gatherings are ordinarily 30 minutes to an hour and are extremely gainful to our organization. Notwithstanding working for AdminOne as a frameworks aide, I additionally do various occupation obligations for the monetary side. My essential duty is to refresh our RIMS framework at whatever point we get installment from our customers or when we need to slice checks to our re-protection transporters. This is the more convoluted region of my activity and requires significantly progressively calculating. I really help our bookkeeper in keeping AdminOne’s books adjusted and make sure that the cash we get goes in the right record. My preferred piece of the money related administrations right hand is the month to month charging, which we create through our RIMS programming. The procedure for ascertaining solicitations and printing them from our server can really be very repetitive. For instance, at whatever point we get another customer, it is my obligation to enter their arrangement data into our framework as quickly as time permits. I do this by making another table in RIMS that is explicitly for our new customer. At that point I give them a gathering number, which is created by RIMS, with the goal that we can recognize them from different customers. After this is finished, RIMS will figure their receipt dependent on what I input. In any case, since AdminOne is an outsider protection supplier, we don't get the entirety of the cash that originates from paying the receipt. We need to pay other PPO transporters and re-protection bearers dependent on a rate that I enter. This is the place the hard stuff becomes a n integral factor in light of the fact that each customer we have has a totally unique arrangement. A few organizations like to utilize an intermediary and a few customers like to utilize re-protection transporters. Whatever the client’s choice might be; the fact of the matter is that we really enter the dispensing of installment into RIMS and it computes the expenses for us. That is the amazing trait about RIMS since everything is mechanized. Notwithstanding utilizing the RIMS programming, I likewise utilize numerous other programming applications to finish my obligations as a money related administrations associate. Microsoft Excel and Quick Books are the fundamental two that I use regularly. These applications are utilized to record installments at whatever point we get them and help in the records payable procedure. For example, after I get installment from Allen Canning Co, I open Allen Canning’s envelope in Excel and update their data. This data incorporates the present number of individuals that is on their arrangement, which PPO bearers they utilized, and in the event that they utilized a merchant. Next I print out the entirety of their sheets on Excel and match them to the printouts that RIMS created. In the event that everything is right, at that point we are prepared to slice the checks to the suitable suppliers. Following the update of Excel, I at that point direct my concentration toward Quick Books. To start with, I set up the entirety of the desk work, which was produced by RIMS and Excel, to enter the specific dollar sum. This part is pivotal in such a case that I commit one error it will lose our accounting report and salary articulation. At that point we might cut an excessive amount of cash or insufficient. Second, I take the dollar sums that I just entered and make an accounting report that is produced by Quick Books. These asset reports are then coordinated with our anticipated monetary records that we create prior in the month. Some of the time the asset reports don’t coordinate, however that doesn’t imply that there was a blunder entering the dollar sums. It could imply that their head tally had changed for their arrangement, for example, terminating somebody or recruiting somebody. Next, after we have coordinated up the accounting reports, and everything looks great , we at that point slice the checks to different suppliers. These checks are really produc

Mockingbird Essay Topics - 3 Most Common Essay Questions

Mockingbird Essay Topics - 3 Most Common Essay QuestionsHave you ever sat down to write an essay but find yourself unable to make a decision on one of the five essential mockingbird essay topics? In this article I'm going to discuss three of the most common questions that are asked. These are the most frequently asked questions about writing an essay and how to choose the right topic. Let's take a look.Can a bad bird really talk? Yes, it can, but some mocks have been known to be quite vicious and annoying at times. The reason they are so hostile is because they dislike anything that isn't like them. So make sure you have a list of things that mock speech will speak out against in the paper before you begin writing. The following essay topics are the most common and hence the most commonly asked questions about writing an essay.Criminal History: Mock speech will talk about criminals in an entirely different light from you. For example, if a mock says 'A small criminal spent time in pr ison'. This obviously raises many questions in your mind. You must ensure that these are asked in your final draft before the editor does a rewrite or at least a fresh start. If your essay only mentions the criminal's criminal history then he or she is losing the interview!Brief Background: Another thing that might be asked is 'Who are the people that wrote this?' This also raises many questions because you should ask them yourself. Try to find out a little about their lives and their families as well as the circumstances that led them to commit the crime. You can do this by reading about them and asking a professor, friend or relative about their life.Write a Testimonial: Mock speech essays can be very long, but writing a testimonial for the person you are interviewing or in this case to shoot in a short essay. A testimonial is where you write about what the interviewer has done for you and the company you are working for. It is similar to a thank you but in the opposite direction. Just make sure you don't put too much in it that might ruin the interview or your job. Also remember to use straight quotes as opposed to footnotes because this is different from a report because it is not a written record and hence not necessarily accurate.Work Experience: A mock could well come up with questions about work experience. You should start by providing the mock with a cover letter of sorts. Make sure you outline all the skills and experiences you have in a job advertisement. This is so that the mock is able to tell you about your work experience. However, remember that your work experience and skills may have changed in the year since you wrote your resume.Consider all Your Vocations: The Mock may also ask you what vocation you would like to go into when you grow up. A lot of students want to do something exciting, something that challenges them. So always think in terms of what kind of field or industry you would want to pursue. The above article is not saying that y ou should write about your interests and passions. You could also include skills and expertise that are relevant to your chosen field.Finally, ask the Mock what he or she wants to talk about. The best answers are the ones that are asked directly and the ones that prompt the person to sit up and take notice. Remember that your answers are completely personal and you are not required to answer all questions and choose only one topic. Keep in mind that some questions are more important than others and must be addressed sooner or later. In my opinion the questions above should be asked in order of importance and answered first.